Superconductivity.

In the last few years, carbon nanotubes, buckyballs, nanofibre and other nanomaterials have been fueling a major revolution in materials sciences. Advances include everything from faster transmission of water molecules, to super durable, super lightweight materials, to capacitor-based batteries with unprecedented storage capabilities.

Now, "nanodot" technology may be clearing the way for perfected cheap room temperature superconductivity. This article discusses the technology, its potential and its pitfalls. The article mentions widespread frictionless maglev trains as a benefit, but the potential for superconductor technology goes way beyond the field of transportation. Warm superconductivity has been a holy grail of the physical sciences for some time now, due to benefits in energy efficiency which will allow us to accomplish all sorts of things that have never been possible before. This is truly exciting stuff.